{"id":6356,"date":"2023-01-10T13:55:59","date_gmt":"2023-01-10T13:55:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/profen.com\/?p=6356"},"modified":"2023-01-10T14:40:16","modified_gmt":"2023-01-10T14:40:16","slug":"a-war-between-mqtt-message-brokers-mosquitto-vs-vernemq","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/profen.com\/en\/a-war-between-mqtt-message-brokers-mosquitto-vs-vernemq\/","title":{"rendered":"A War Between MQTT Message Brokers : Mosquitto vs VerneMQ"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a lightweight messaging protocol for IoT (Internet of Things) and M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication that is designed to be low overhead and easy to implement. It is based on the publish-subscribe model, where a client publishes a message to a topic on a broker, and any subscribers to that topic will receive the message.<\/p>\n

MQTT brokers are servers that handle the distribution of messages to clients based on topic subscriptions. They provide a centralized location for publish and subscribe messages, allowing clients to communicate with each other without the need to exchange IP addresses or configure firewalls.<\/p>\n

Mosquitto and VerneMQ are both open-source MQTT brokers that can be used to facilitate communication between MQTT clients. Below is a comparison of some features of the two brokers:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Feature<\/th>\nMosquitto<\/th>\nVerneMQ<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Protocol support<\/td>\nMQTT, MQTT-SN<\/td>\nMQTT, MQTT-SN, WebSockets<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Authentication<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Authorization<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bridges<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Clustering<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
High availability<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Message persistence<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\nYes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Supported platforms<\/td>\nWindows, Linux, macOS, Raspberry Pi, etc.<\/td>\nWindows, Linux, macOS, FreeBSD, etc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
License<\/td>\nEclipse Public License 1.0<\/td>\nApache License 2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Here is an example of how you might deploy Mosquitto and VerneMQ on a Kubernetes environment:<\/p>\n

Mosquitto<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Create a Kubernetes Deployment resource that manages a set of replicas of your Mosquitto broker pods. For example:<\/p>\n

apiVersion: apps\/v1\r\nkind: Deployment\r\nmetadata:\r\n  name: mosquitto\r\nspec:\r\n  replicas: 3\r\n  selector:\r\n    matchLabels:\r\n      app: mosquitto\r\n  template:\r\n    metadata:\r\n      labels:\r\n        app: mosquitto\r\n    spec:\r\n      containers:\r\n      - name: mosquitto\r\n        image: eclipse-mosquitto:latest\r\n        ports:\r\n        - containerPort: 1883<\/code><\/pre>\n
2. Create a Kubernetes Service resource to expose your Mosquitto pods to other parts of the cluster. This can be either a ClusterIP Service, which exposes the service on a cluster-internal IP, or a LoadBalancer Service, which exposes the service externally using a cloud provider\u2019s load balancer:<\/p>\n
apiVersion: v1\r\nkind: Service\r\nmetadata:\r\n  name: mosquitto\r\nspec:\r\n  type: LoadBalancer\r\n  selector:\r\n    app: mosquitto\r\n  ports:\r\n  - protocol: TCP\r\n    port: 1883\r\n    targetPort: 1883<\/code><\/pre>\n
VerneMQ<\/strong><\/p>\n
1. Create a Kubernetes Deployment resource that manages a set of replicas of your VerneMQ broker pods. For example:<\/p>\n
apiVersion: apps\/v1\r\nkind: Deployment\r\nmetadata:\r\n  name: vernemq\r\nspec:\r\n  replicas: 3\r\n  selector:\r\n    matchLabels:\r\n      app: vernemq\r\n  template:\r\n    metadata:\r\n      labels:\r\n        app: vernemq\r\n    spec:\r\n      containers:\r\n      - name: vernemq\r\n        image: vernemq\/vernemq:latest\r\n        ports:\r\n        - containerPort: 1883<\/code><\/pre>\n
2. Create a Kubernetes Service resource to expose your VerneMQ pods to other parts of the cluster. This can be either a ClusterIP Service, which exposes the service on a cluster-internal IP, or a LoadBalancer Service, which exposes the service externally using a cloud provider\u2019s load balancer:<\/p>\n
apiVersion: v1\r\nkind: Service\r\nmetadata:\r\n  name: vernemq\r\nspec:\r\n  type: LoadBalancer\r\n  selector:\r\n    app: vernemq\r\n  ports:\r\n  - protocol: TCP\r\n    port: 1883\r\n    targetPort: 1883<\/code><\/pre>\n
To stress test both brokers, you can use a load testing tool such as JMeter or Apache Bench to simulate a large number of concurrent MQTT clients publishing and subscribing to topics. You can then measure the performance of the brokers in terms of metrics such as the number of messages processed per second, the latency of the publish and subscribe operations, and the resource usage (e.g. CPU, memory, network) of the broker pods.<\/p>\n
Here is a sample stress test using Apache JMeter to simulate a large number of concurrent MQTT clients publishing and subscribing to topics on an MQTT broker:<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. Install JMeter on your local machine.<\/li>\n
  2. Start JMeter and create a new \u201cTest Plan\u201d by right-clicking on the root node in the tree on the left side of the JMeter window and selecting \u201cAdd > Threads (Users) > Thread Group\u201d.<\/li>\n
  3. Add an MQTT Sampler to your Thread Group by right-clicking on the Thread Group and selecting \u201cAdd > Sampler > MQTT Sampler\u201d.<\/li>\n
  4. Configure the MQTT Sampler with the following settings:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    • Server Name or IP: the hostname or IP address of your MQTT broker<\/li>\n
    • Port Number: the port number of your MQTT broker (e.g. 1883 for Mosquitto, 8080 for VerneMQ)<\/li>\n
    • Client ID: a unique identifier for the MQTT client (e.g. \u201cclient1\u201d)<\/li>\n
    • Topic: the topic to publish or subscribe to (e.g. \u201ctest\/topic\u201d)<\/li>\n
    • Quality of Service (QoS): the QoS level for the message (e.g. 0, 1, or 2)<\/li>\n
    • Action: select \u201cPublish\u201d to publish a message to the topic or \u201cSubscribe\u201d to subscribe to the topic<\/li>\n
    • Payload: the message payload to publish (if Action is \u201cPublish\u201d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n
      1. Set the number of threads (users) and the ramp-up period in the Thread Group to the desired values. For example, to simulate 100 concurrent MQTT clients, set the number of threads to 100 and the ramp-up period to 100 (so that all threads are started at once).<\/li>\n
      2. Add a listener to your Thread Group to view the results of the test. Right-click on the Thread Group and select \u201cAdd > Listener > View Results Tree\u201d.<\/li>\n
      3. Run the test by clicking on the \u201cStart\u201d button at the top of the JMeter window. The listener will show the results of the test, including the number of messages published or received, the response time, and any errors that occurred.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        [vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a lightweight messaging protocol for IoT (Internet of Things) and M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication that […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6357,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_vp_format_video_url":"","_vp_image_focal_point":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,72],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-rd-corner"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nProfen Group - A War Between MQTT Message Brokers : Mosquitto vs VerneMQ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/profen.com\/en\/a-war-between-mqtt-message-brokers-mosquitto-vs-vernemq\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Profen Group - 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